Wi- Fi Networks To Have Air Maestro Spectrum Analysis Solution

The expansion of Wi- Fi technology has spanned universal bounds and emerged as a of the many efficient collection for communication. The answer to be offering by Bandspeed will be an formation of vigilance analyzer IC, firmware, user focus monitoring and air wave frequency.

When you are seeking for tip high quality Wi- Fi Support on any of your system, this technology will keep you miles ahead. The network opening of your systems will enlarge if you confirm to take the help of this technological aid. When this network is implemented, the gadgets will be able to arrange automatically with the assorted configurations. The network may be simply related to WAN access points, LAN access points, laptops, computers, RF sensors and broadband gateways.

If you excavate in to the story of wireless communications and Internet Set up , it is actually receptive to air wave frequencies from non-static sources. The WLans with 802.11 setup provides magnitude interventions to any device in the vigilance trimming from wireless video cameras, cordless phones or x-ray ovens.

The Wi- Fi Support network created by Bandspeed emphasizes that the analyzer is entirely able of hooking on to a networking equipment. The AirMaestro Embedded Signal Analyzer scans all IEEE 802.11 channels in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz Wi-Fi magnitude bands. The complete operation of interferers can moreover be rescued and personal by it.

If you are owning a tiny business, the analyzer can help you immensely as the cost offering is actually affordable . Each 3100AG access is offering with the setup of 3 802.11a/g radios. As a patron you can publicize in the network that constitutes 2.4 and %GHz bands. The third air wave that is existing scans both the bands and provides spectrum review on the spot. The complete cost of the analyzer from Bandspeed is existing at a cost of 15$.

The network has been intricately written for a perfect focus in OED/OEM stacks. As a user you can daydream the RF mood in assorted ways similar to energetic duct administration displays, modernized spectrum review and time slots utilization. For the on the whole function of the system, a resource called Automated and Intelligent Channel Selection algorithm is followed. The Air Maestro Spectrum Analysis Solution will work wonders for Wi- Fi Support technology and give undeviating connectivity.

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Trilithic Introduces Its Spectrum Analyzer with Upgraded Features

If you’re a cable system operator looking for analysis and troubleshooting capabilities, you might want to check out a communication test equipment tool the 853Q Spectrum Analyzer by Trilithic Broadband Instruments.

Trilithic 853Q Spectrum Analyzer

According to company officials, it’s designed to help increase productivity by providing a complete set of spectrum analysis tests in one instrument, an intuitive user interface for a shorter learning curve -- an always-welcome feature, the faster your techs can figure it out the faster they’re up and running.

One improvement in this 8853Q is its larger display and internal calibration, company officials say. It comes with full-featured, high performance, remote operation, and its automated FCC (News - Alert) proof testing simplifies reporting.

Cable operators generally use spectrum analyzers in the head-end, and as a tool for more complex testing and troubleshooting, as well as for FCC proof of performance tests.

As it’s portable it can be used anywhere in the cable network for analyzing RF signals with a comprehensive scope of measurements, according to company officials, who add that from analysis of digitally modulated signals to tests of distortion and noise parameters in the field, “this spectrum analyzer is an industry workhorse.”

A couple weeks ago TMC (News - Alert) wrote about the TFS-2000 Series Optical Time Domain Reflectometers, described by Trilithic officials as OTDRs for everyday use in the field on a wide variety of networks.

This communication test equipment combines speed, dynamic range, an easy to read color display, a rugged package and short dead zone at a decent price, company officials say, adding that the TFS-2000 Series OTDRs are made for everyday use in the field on a wide variety of networks.

They’re billed by Trilithic officials as being lightweight and easy enough to use so they can be operated by a novice, while at the same time they can be “appreciated by a seasoned user.”

The new OTDR series of fiber products is available in dual singlemode, dual multimode and quad wavelength configurations.

Earlier this month TMC reported that if you’re looking for communication test equipment, you’ll want to check out TechPoint’s fleet management tool.

Company officials say it has more efficient routing using dynamic dispatch can mobilize business processes in the field, reduce fuel and labor costs, reduce errors with paperless forms and, probably best of all, requires no hardware or software maintenance.

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Spread-spectrum power converter designed for low EMI

DC/DC point-of-load switch mode regulator Circuit with spread spectrum frequency modulation can be designed for low EMI, write Alan Chern, Doug La Porte and Afshin Odabaee

Switch mode DC/DC regulators are popular means of voltage regulation in densely populated system boards because of the regulators’ low heat dissipation.

However, rapid switching of current, poorly defined layout, placement and selection of components such as inductors make their circuits a prime candidate for EMI (electromagnetic interference) source. Moreover, the potential problem for interference and noise can be exasperated when multiple DC/DC switch mode regulators are paralleled for current sharing and higher output power.

If all are operating (switching) at a similar frequency, the combined energy generated by multiple regulators in a circuit is then concentrated at one frequency. Presence of this energy can become a concern especially if the rest of ICs on the PC board as well as other system boards are close to each other and susceptible to this radiated energy.

One solution is to spread this energy among a range of many frequencies, instead of being concentrated at one frequency, thus lowering its amplitude and strength.

This solution is to use a spread spectrum frequency modulation (SSFM) clock. The idea behind using a spread spectrum technique to reduce EMI is to keep the clock moving.

A steady clock is an easy target for neighbouring devices and conformity test equipment to lock onto, allowing them time to accumulate emanating signal energy at the fixed clock frequency or its harmonics.

Additionally, a special modular DC/DC switch mode regulator system can provide high power, low heat dissipation, as well as low EMI power supply solution for densely populated boards. The benefit in using modular and pre-assembled DC/DC switch mode regulator circuits on a substrate is to optimize the layout by proper grounding and minimizing current loops while operating within a wide range of switching frequencies and to allow phase-lock-loop capability.

For best results, such device should include and enclose all the required components such as inductor, DC/DC regulator, mosfets, and compensation circuitry in a small package.

A technology attainable with complete DC/DC switching regulator systems-in-a-package allows high current modular point-of-load regulator with low EMI and low output and input ripple current.

The board is an example of a system (4.5V to 20V input, 0.6V to 5V output) with four LTM4601 µModule switching regulators in parallel. Each unit current share a maximum of 12A is placed in parallel delivering up to 48A of output current.

A schematic design is shown in Figure 2. AN119A and AN119B offer a detailed background explanation of this system which can be helpful in understanding the setup since this discussion will only cover the spread spectrum frequency modulation feature.

The previous discussion in AN119A and AN119B concentrated on replacing a single switcher with four paralleled µModule regulators which will reduce peak switching current through multiphase synchronization.

The switchers are externally driven by a clock that is phase shifted. Each switcher’s turn-on time is divided amongst themselves yielding even current spread across the input.

Figure 3 gives a clear example of how the switchers are synchronised out of phase with respect to the clock; spreading out the switching time evenly. In this example, the phase shift is 90 degrees.

The voltage ripple is therefore reduced in this high powered system. The key benefit to synchronized parallel regulators is the reduction of input and output capacitor size due to the cancelling of ripple currents on the input and output.

This eliminates the need for large bulk capacitors. There is recent interest in electromagnetic interference (EMI) qualms pertaining to Linear Technology µModule regulator units and will address EMI reduction using the new LTC6909 spread spectrum feature.

A key difference between the previous LTC6902 oscillator and the new oscillator is the increased number of outputs on the LTC6909.

The LTC6902 has a maximum of 4 outputs verses the 8 output, 8-phase LTC6909 with superior spread spectrum frequency modulation (SSFM) which effectively improves electromagnetic compatibility performance. Perhaps a future article will explore 8-phase parallel µModule system. But for the purposes of this article; the application design will remain the same, using 4-phases on the LTC6909 and focus only on SSFM.

Electromagnetic characterisation

The same design setup will be used as a benchmark using the LTC6909; a 4-phase paralleled µModule system, running 12V input to 1.5V output at 40A, though capable of up to a maximum of 48A.

The multiphase synchronization provides some EMI reduction; although it may not be sufficient to satisfy stringent EMI regulations. A spectrum analyzer is used to examine the frequency harmonics of the current system.

The fundamental and harmonics are observed ranging between 150kHz to 30MHz output frequency spectrum. The resolution bandwidth is 9kHz.

Observations on individual harmonic frequencies indicate specific levels of output on the current system. Depending on the specific EMI requirement, these harmonic spikes can exceed regulations and void certification. Failing emissions can be a system designer’s worst nightmare.

Thus having a trump card can be essential to saving time and money. The spread spectrum frequency modulation on the LTC6909 is exactly that. By continuously varying the µModule’s clock frequency, EMI is improved by forcing emitted energy to move around, preventing it from staying in any receiver’s band.

The ripple emitted by the µModule switcher is the key perpetrator in supplying the unwanted spectral harmonics. The LTC6909 SSFM feature will lower the harmonics through a pseudorandom noise signal to spread the energy over a wide frequency band thus decreasing peak electromagnetic radiation.

Reducing EMI with spread spectrum frequency modulation

The LTC6909 easily sets the SSFM by controlling the MOD pin. To activate; the MOD pin is floated for a frequency (700kHz set by a resistor) divide by 32 modulation rate.

An impressive 10dB reduction is observed on the harmonic frequencies. Such amazing reduction certainly cannot be without caveats and should be met with scepticism.

Further analysis of the system shows that the output ripple is not affected drastically when using SSFM.

A point of contention is that the load transient response may suffer due to the constant change in frequency from the SSFM. A load transient test performed on the output at 20A load step reveals that the SSFM does not affect the response time at all. Both response wave time and peak to peak values are similar.

It is possible to reduce the EMI by 10dB when using spread spectrum frequency modulation on 4-phase µModule DC/DC switching regulator 12V input, 1.5V output, 40A design.

This design utilizes multiphase synchronisation and SSFM to produce clear benefits, such as reduced output capacitor voltage rating, lower ripple, and decreased EMI. Furthermore, SSFM is easy to implement on the LTC6909 for this type of operation. This design is highly useful as a quick method for reducing EMI.

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Test and Measurement industry shows flat growth with 10%

The demand for testing has always been a requirement of all market segments. Regardless of the end market, all products have to be tested before being delivered to the end customer.

Hence going forward, with the exploding services and subscribers, the focus has finally fallen on Test and Measurement (T&M) equipments. As the delivery of next generation services becomes highly dependent on End-user Quality of Experience (QoE), it also helps the service providers to manage their customer retention and thus the focus has shifted to T&M solutions. T&M solutions are expected to give a competitive edge to the service providers.

With new types of technology like 3G, broadband wireless access, WiMax, FTTX, LTE, all-IP network or convergence concepts, the test equipment industry is expected to witness a newer demand.

However failing to meet the expected growth that 3G and increasing mobile subscriber base was supposed to bring for the market, the T&M segment failed to taste the fruits of success and saw a marginal growth of 10.24%.

Ever since the evolution of telecom services, market demand for Test and Measurement (T&M) has been in place. Test and measurement plays a very important role right from design to development to deployment for the maintenance and optimization of any telecom network.

Test and measurement industry in India continues to chart the growth. The VOICE&DATA 100 survey estimates the Test and Measurements (T&M) market to have gone up by 10% in FY 2010-11 with the market size totaling to `861 crore, against the previous fiscal's `781 crore.

Agilent Technologies maintained the lead in the market with its innovative product line. The vendor registered growth, clocking revenue of `287 crore in FY 2010-11 against `254 crore in FY 2009-10. The company invested heavily on design, R&D, manufacturing, deployment and services. Agilent Technologies expanded its test and measurement portfolio into the modular domain with the introduction of 47 new PXI and AXIe products and new products which enhance solutions in aerospace, defense, communications, and electronic applications.

The company also introduced the industry's highest performance HDMI 1.4a protocol analyzer and generator. The instrument allows designers and engineers to test their devices to ensure that they meet the requirements of the HDMI compliance test specification 1.4a (CTS 1.4a).

Spirent Communications, second in the ranking, grew by `118 crore in FY 2010-11 against `100 crore in FY 2009-10, witnessing a growth rate of 18% and a market share of 13.7%. The brand delivered innovative solutions in data center and cloud computing high-speed ethernet, wireless, applications and security testing, the areas that matter most to service providers and equipment manufacturers. The company also introduced various solutions across multiple technologies including LTE, mobile backhaul, mobile device performance, network performance monitoring, cloud computing, and virtualization.

To help accelerate the availability and verify the performance of these location services on LTE devices, mobile operators, technology developers and device manufacturers are also using a pioneering lab based LBS LTE test solution from Spirent Communications.

For Rohde & Schwarz, the revenue growth was about `86 crore in FY 2010-11 against `77 crore in FY 2009-10. The test and measurement instruments company received orders uniformly from all sectors like defense, education, and wide base markets for spectrum analyzers. The company also succeeded in getting some strategic orders in A&D segment which helped the company to get repeat orders worth millions of Euros in the coming business years. The brand also grabbed other big orders from telecom MNCs for telecom protocol and RF test systems.

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Introducing Real Tech's All New Spectrum Analyzer Product Series

Real Tech's new continuous online spectroscopy analyzer series provides highly accurate, easy to use and affordable real time process monitoring, scanning across the whole spectrum of UV and/or visible light, allowing for the rapid detection of many common and emerging contaminants.

The Real Spectrum Analyzer can provide multi-component measurement capabilities and is able to extract and isolate concentration information about one or more chemical components of concern even when an unknown mixture of other chemical components is also present in the water.

Whether your application is for wastewater or high purity (ultrapure) water, the Real Spectrum Analyzer product series can be configured for your specific water needs.

Real Tech's patented and patent pending technologies solve the inherent challenges plagued by other spectroscopy instrumentation in a simple and effective manner by being able to continuously compensate for the drift and fluctuations of spectral analysis each time a reading is measured. The Real Spectrum Analyzer is more reliable and stable, has lower maintenance requirements, and is a very cost effective solution, making real time spectroscopy analysis much more practical and attainable.

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